Ships-and-boats Ships and boats Introduction Ships and boats carry people and goods over water. Before cars, trains, or airplanes, boats were the fastest way to move things. Boats continue to get bigger and faster. Early ships and boats The first boats were carved from single logs. People used poles(竿) to push the boats. Other boats used paddles(双桨) or oars(单桨). Paddles and oars are long pieces of wood with broad, flat ends. They push against the water, moving the boat forward. Later, people made boats with wooden frames(框架). They covered the frames with bark(树皮) or animal skins. Frame boats were larger than log boats. Many people could row at the same time. Some frame boats carried bundreds of rowers. Sails made from strong cloth were also used to move boats. The sails caught the wind, and the wind pushed the boat. As ships became bigger, they needed more sails. Sailing ships carried explorers all around the world. Modern ships and boats Today, many boats are mode of metal and plastic. Many ships and boats use engines to turn propellers(螺旋桨). The propellers push the boat through the water. People still use smaller boats for fishing, fun, and sport. Many boats that carry one to two people still use paddles or oars. Special ships and boats Cruise ships(游轮) are like floating hotels. They can carry thousands of people. Huge tankers carry oil and gas over the ocean. Tugboats push and pull larger ships. Ferryboats(拖轮) carry cars and people short distances. Fireboats put out fires on other ships. The navy uses many ships and boats, large and small. Submarines(潜艇) move under the water. Planes and helicopters take off and land on aircraft carriers. Conclusion Ships and boats have changed a lot over the years. But they are still an important way to move people and things quickly over the water.
They push against the water, moving the boat forward. moving[伴随状语] (1)Our teacher walked into the classroom, singing and dancing. (2)look forward to n./dong I look forward to hearing from you. I look forward to receiving your letter. -------- Sails made from strong cloth were also used to move boats. made from strong cloth做Sails的后置定语 ------ explorer v.探索 Many boats that carry one to two people still use paddles or oars. 定语从句 boats[先行词],that[引导词] ------- put out扑灭 ------------ Boats continue to get bigger and faster. continue v.持续;不断发生 三单：continues 现在分词：continuing 过去式：continued 过去分词：continued e.g. The exhibition continues until 25 July.展览要持续 到7月25日。 continue to do 做完一件事继续做另一件事 We have done our homework. Now let's continue to play football. 功课做完了。让我们继续去踢球吧。 continue doing 继续做刚刚做过的那件事 She wanted to continue working after she was married. 她想结婚后继续工作。 stop to do 去做 stop doing 目的 -------- People used poles to push the boats. use v.使用，利用 三单：uses 过去式：used 过去分词：used 现在分词：using [常用词组]use sth. to do sth.使用某物去做某事 A is used to do sth. Sticks are used to educate me. e.g. The boy can use his feet to draw. 这个男孩可以用脚画画。 n.使用，用途 e.g. I am sure you'll think of a use for it. 我相信你会给这个东西找到用途的。 ----- user n. 使用者 It can make the users feel better. 它可以让用户感觉更好。 usefull adj. 有用的 English is a useful subject. 英语是门有用的科目。 useless adj. 无用的 The pen is useless. 这支笔没法用了。 be used to do 被用来做...... A used to do sth. Scissors are used to cut things. 人们用剪刀来剪东西。 used to do 过去常常做某事 She used to be very shy.=She was very shy. 她以前很害羞。 be used to doing 习惯做某事 I am used to reading English every morning. 我习惯每天晨读英语。 ------ Today, many boats are made of metal and plastic. make v.制造；做；使得 三单：makes 过去式：made(不规则变化) 过去分词：made 现在分词：making e.g. The Internet enables us to make friends through the world. 因特网使 我们能在全世界交朋友。 ［词组搭配］ make a living谋生 e.g. I'm just working there to make a living. 我只是在那儿混碗饭吃。 I make a living by teaching. I make one's living by teaching. 我靠教学为生。 [词组搭配] be made by / of / from / in be made by 由......制造(制造者) The desk is made by my father. 这张桌子是我父亲做的。 be made of 由......制成(看得出原材料) The desk is made of wood. 这张桌子是由木头制成的。 be made from 由......制成(看不出原材料) The paper is made from wood. 纸是由木头制成的。 be made in 在......制造(生产地) The desk is made in China. 这张桌子是在中国制造的。 ----- 句子精讲 But they are still an important way to move people and things quickly over the water. 但是它们仍然是在水面上快速运输人和物品的重要方式。 they[主语]，are[系动词]，an important way[表语] ，to move people and things quickly[动词 不定式作后置定语]修饰way. e.g. Do you have the ability to read and write in Japanese? 你具备读写日语的能力吗？ to read and write in Japanese[不定式做后置定语] 修饰ability e.g. The browns have a comfortable house to live in. 布朗一家有幢舒适的房子可以居住。 to live in[不定式做后置定语]修饰house (1) The desk that was made by my grandpa is the most beautiful. (2) He was the first on to use the fire to cook. The development of tools makes human life more convenient. 工具的发展使人们的生活更加便捷。 make + sth + adj. make me happy.让我处于开心当中 make the campus clean and tidy. 让校园处于清洁干净当中。